Uveitis is a condition that involves inflammation of the uvea, which is the middle layer of the eye that contains the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. The uvea is responsible for providing blood supply and nourishment to the retina, which is the inner layer of the eye that senses light and sends signals to the brain.
Causes of Uveitis
Uveitis can have various causes, including infections, autoimmune disorders, trauma, and exposure to toxins. In some cases, the cause of uveitis may be unknown.
The most common type of uveitis is anterior uveitis, which affects the front of the eye and typically causes eye redness, pain, and light sensitivity. Intermediate and posterior uveitis affect the middle and back of the eye, respectively, and may cause vision loss or floaters. Panuveitis affects all parts of the uvea and can be particularly severe.
Uveitis on Dogs
Dogs can also develop uveitis, but the causes can be different from those in humans. The most common causes of uveitis in dogs are:
Infections: Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can cause uveitis in dogs. Common examples include Lyme disease, leptospirosis, canine distemper, and canine herpesvirus.
Immune-mediated diseases: Some dogs can develop uveitis as a result of an overactive immune system attacking healthy tissues in the eye. This can be seen in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Bechet’s disease.
Trauma: Physical injuries to the eye can also cause uveitis in dogs. This can include blunt trauma, puncture wounds, or scratches to the cornea.
Cancer: Uveitis can also be a symptom of some types of eye cancer in dogs, such as intraocular lymphoma.
Other diseases: Other diseases such as hypothyroidism, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus can also lead to uveitis in dogs.
Infection prevention
- Vaccinations: Vaccines can help prevent infections caused by common viruses and bacteria, such as distemper, parvovirus, and leptospirosis. Make sure your dog is up-to-date on all required vaccinations.
- Good hygiene: Keep your dog clean and groomed to help prevent skin infections. Bathe your dog regularly with a mild dog shampoo and brush their coat to remove any loose hair and debris.
- Proper nutrition: A well-balanced diet can help strengthen your dog’s immune system and make them more resistant to infections. Make sure your dog is getting all the necessary vitamins, minerals, and nutrients they need for good health.
- Regular exercise: Regular exercise can help keep your dog’s immune system functioning properly, and it can also help maintain a healthy weight, which can reduce the risk of certain infections.
- Avoid exposure to sick animals: Avoid exposing your dog to other animals that are sick or have infections. Keep your dog away from areas where there is a high risk of exposure to infectious diseases, such as dog parks or kennels.
- Regular veterinary check-ups: Regular visits to the veterinarian can help detect any potential health problems early, including infections. Your veterinarian can also provide you with advice on preventing infections specific to your dog’s breed and lifestyle.